Note 10 — Retirement programs
Pension Programs
Our employees participate in one of the following pension programs based upon the starting date of their employment with the federal government. Employee and employer contributions are made to the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS), the Dual Civil Service Retirement System/Social Security (Dual CSRS), or the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS), all of which are administered by the Office of Personnel Management. Employees may also participate in the Thrift Savings Plan (TSP), which is a defined contribution retirement savings and investment plan. Postal Service employees are authorized to participate in the TSP by the Federal Employees Retirement System Act of 1986. The TSP is administered by the Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board.
CSRS
Under the Postal Reorganization Act, officers and career employees hired prior to January 1, 1984, are covered by the Civil Service Retirement System, which provides a basic annuity toward which we and the employee contribute at rates prescribed by law. Effective October 14, 2006, P.L.109-435 suspends the obligation of making employer contributions for CSRS employees’ retirement. We do not match TSP contributions for employees who participate in CSRS.
DUAL CSRS
Employees with prior U.S. government service who were hired between January 1, 1984, and January 1, 1987, are covered by Dual CSRS, which consists of a basic annuity and Social Security. We and the employee contribute to Social Security and the basic annuity at rates prescribed by law. We do not match TSP contributions for employees who participate in Dual CSRS.
FERS
Effective January 1, 1987, officers and career employees hired since December 31, 1983, are covered by the Federal Employees Retirement System Act of 1986, except for those covered by Dual CSRS. Also included are employees formerly covered by CSRS who elected in 1987, 1988, and 1998 to participate in FERS.
FERS consists of Social Security, a basic annuity plan, and TSP. We and the employee contribute to Social Security and the basic annuity plan at the rate prescribed by law. In addition, we are required to contribute to TSP a minimum of 1% per year of the basic pay of employees covered by this system. We also match a voluntary employee contribution up to 3% of the employee’s basic pay, and 50% of a contribution between 3% and 5% of basic pay.
Employee / Employer Contributions
Employer and employee contributions, as a percentage of employee basic pay, are as follows for each of the three plans for 2008, 2007, and 2006.
Retirement Contribution |
2008 |
2007 |
2006 |
---|---|---|---|
(Percentage) |
|||
CSRS Employer |
— |
— |
17.4 |
CSRS Employee |
7.0 |
7.0 |
7.0 |
Dual CSRS Employer |
— |
— |
18.0 |
Dual CSRS Employee |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
FERS Employer |
11.2 |
11.2 |
11.2 |
FERS Employee |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
The number of employees enrolled in each of the retirement plans at the end of 2008, 2007, and 2006 is as follows.
Retirement Enrollment by Program | 2008 |
2007 |
2006 |
---|---|---|---|
(Actual numbers) |
|||
CSRS |
130,126 |
144,034 |
157,945 |
Dual CSRS |
7,128 |
7,716 |
8,150 |
FERS |
525,984 |
533,012 |
530,043 |
Expense Components
The following table lists the components of our total retirement expenses that are included in Compensation and benefits expense in the Statements of Operations for 2008, 2007, and 2006.
Retirement Expense | 2008 |
2007 |
2006 |
---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
FERS |
$ 2,909 |
$ 2,771 |
$ 2,652 |
Social Security |
1,932 |
1,904 |
1,843 |
FERS Thrift Savings Plan |
1,058 |
1,007 |
960 |
CSRS |
— |
52 |
1,450 |
Dual CSRS |
— |
3 |
75 |
CSRS “Supplemental Liability” |
— |
— |
26 |
Total Retirement Expense |
$ 5,899 |
$ 5,737 |
$ 7,006 |
Employer cash contributions to retirement plans were $3,936 million in 2008, $3,889 million in 2007, and $5,122 million in 2006. These amounts do not include Social Security contributions and interest expense on deferred retirement liabilities.